Artificial evolution refers to the intentional influence of evolutionary change through human-directed technologies such as selective breeding, genetic engineering, and gene editing. Unlike natural evolution, which operates through random variation and natural selection, artificial evolution involves deliberate choices about which traits are altered or preserved.

Today, this is most commonly seen in agriculture, medicine, and biotechnology, where genetic tools are used to improve crops, treat disease, or study biological systems. While current capabilities remain limited, artificial evolution raises important scientific and ethical questions about how much control humans should exert over the future of life.

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